機(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)床(chuang)（英(ying)文名(ming)稱(cheng)：machine tool）是指制(zhi)造機(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)器的(de)機(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)器，亦(yi)稱(cheng)工(gong)作母機(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)或(huo)工(gong)具機(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)，習慣上(shang)簡(jian)稱(cheng)機(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)床(chuang)。一般分為金屬切(qie)削機(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)床(chuang)、鍛(duan)(duan)壓(ya)機(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)床(chuang)和(he)木工(gong)機(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)床(chuang)等(deng)。現代(dai)機(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)械制(zhi)造中(zhong)加(jia)工(gong)機(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)械零(ling)件的(de)方法(fa)很多：除切(qie)削加(jia)工(gong)外(wai)，還(huan)有鑄(zhu)造、鍛(duan)(duan)造、焊(han)接、沖壓(ya)、擠(ji)壓(ya)等(deng)，但(dan)凡屬精度(du)要(yao)求(qiu)較(jiao)高和(he)表面粗糙度(du)要(yao)求(qiu)較(jiao)細的(de)零(ling)件，一般都需在(zai)機(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)床(chuang)上(shang)用(yong)切(qie)削的(de)方法(fa)進行(xing)終加(jia)工(gong)。機(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)床(chuang)在(zai)國(guo)民經濟現代(dai)化的(de)建(jian)設中(zhong)起著重大(da)作用(yong)。

車(che)床是(shi)主要用(yong)(yong)車(che)刀對旋轉的工(gong)(gong)(gong)件進行(xing)車(che)削加工(gong)(gong)(gong)的機床。在車(che)床上還可用(yong)(yong)鉆頭、擴孔鉆、鉸刀、絲錐、板牙和滾花工(gong)(gong)(gong)具等進行(xing)相應的加工(gong)(gong)(gong)。車(che)床主要用(yong)(yong)于加工(gong)(gong)(gong)軸、盤、套和其他具有回轉表(biao)面(mian)的工(gong)(gong)(gong)件，是(shi)機械制造和修配工(gong)(gong)(gong)廠中使用(yong)(yong)廣(guang)的一(yi)類機床。